The correct answer is: D) Brazil.
Brazil's independence was a family affair. Declared in 1822 by Dom Pedro I, son of the King of Portugal Dom Joao VI in response to the Portuguese government's threat to revoke the political autonomy that Brazil had enjoyed since 1808, when the royal family moved here, fleeing from Napoleon's troops. Dom Pedro I, abdicated in favor of his son Dom Pedro II on 7 April 1831 and left for Europe.
