An infant of uncertain but seemingly term dates is born via emergent cesarean section for nonreassuring heart tones; the obstetrician has noted little or no amniotic fluid. The infant is small, has abnormally shaped limbs, and an unusual facies. The child has immediate respiratory distress. A chest radiograph reveals a poorly developed chest with little lung tissue.
a) Congenital diaphragmatic hernia
b) Pulmonary hypoplasia
c) Choanal atresia
d) Tetralogy of Fallot